Dime & High-Throughput Web3 Glossary
Essential terminology, cryptographic definitions, and architecture concepts explained with precision and clarity for researchers and learners.
How to Navigate This Glossary
This reference guide bridges high-level distributed systems theory and Dime’s concrete ledger implementations. Each entry includes technical context, operational nuances, and links to relevant research briefings.
Proof of History (PoH)
A high-frequency verifiable delay function (VDF) sequence that produces a cryptographically secure ordering of events and timestamps prior to consensus agreement.
Leader Schedule & Epoch
An epoch represents a fixed duration of slots (typically 432,000 slots) during which designated validator leaders are scheduled to propose transaction blocks in assigned windows.
Parallel Transaction Execution (Sealevel)
A runtime architecture that inspects transaction read/write account declarations, allowing non-overlapping transactions to execute concurrently across multi-core CPUs.
Turbine Block Propagation
A multi-layer peer-to-peer data broadcasting protocol that breaks blocks into smaller erasure-coded packets and streams them in hierarchical trees to minimize latency.
Gulf Stream (Mempool-less Forwarding)
A transaction forwarding strategy where edge nodes push incoming transactions directly to upcoming scheduled leaders ahead of time, reducing confirmation delays.
Cold Hardware Key Isolation
The architectural practice of generating, storing, and utilizing cryptographic private keys within dedicated secure elements physically separated from Internet connectivity.
Rent Exemption & Account Storage
A storage incentive mechanism where on-chain accounts holding a minimum balance proportional to byte size remain permanently active without recurring state rent fees.
Slashing & Inactivity Leaks
Protocol penalties enforced against validator stakes for malicious equivocations, double-signing events, or extended unannounced validator node downtime.
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